Archives

INCOG Recommendations for Management of Cognition Following Traumatic Brain Injury, Part II: Attention and Information Processing Speed (2014)

January 13, 2022 by Megan Berg.
INCOG recommended clinicians use the MOSS Attention Rating Scale or Rating Scale of Attentional Behavior to determine the patient’s attention abilities. It is critical to determine the patient’s lifestyle and factors that may exacerbate the attentional demands when creating the treatment goals. A variety of treatment approaches were recommended by the INCOG team because of […]
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Pneumonia: Factors Beyond Aspiration (2005)

January 13, 2022 by Megan Berg.
When a person has pneumonia, the body responds by causing infection and inflammation of the alveoli within the lungs. This inflammation of the lung cells compromises the oxygen and carbon dioxide exchange process. The diagnosis of hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP) or nosocomial pneumonia is reserved for people developing bacterial pneumonia within a hospital or care facility. […]
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Considerations for the Use of Neuroimaging Technologies for Predicting Recovery of Speech and Language in Aphasia (2018)

January 13, 2022 by Megan Berg.
It would be more time and cost-effective if clinicians were able to better predict the prognosis for patients. However, this continues to be challenging for clinicians and the current research has not provided clear answers to help. In the research studies, the concept of recovery is not consistently defined which makes it difficult for applying […]
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Characteristics of Criocopharyngeal Dysphagia after Ischemic Stroke (2018)

January 13, 2022 by Megan Berg.
Cricopharyngeal dysfunction (CPD) is when the muscles do not relax the upper esophageal sphincter (UES), during swallowing, and this prevents the bolus to pass from the pharynx to the esophagus. The incidence of CPD has been reported to be as high as 50%, among individuals with stokes. This study aimed to determine if the brain […]
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Mirroring the Social Aspects of Speech and Actions: The Role of the Insula (2017)

January 13, 2022 by Megan Berg.
This study had 18 healthy volunteers (9 female, 9 male) who were all right-handed, had normal or corrected vision, and normal hearing. Since the participants were all being scanned with functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) during these sessions speaking would negatively impact the images so they were asked to “imagine” doing the tasks. Each session […]
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Age-Related Hearing Loss and Cognitive Decline — The Potential Mechanisms Linking the Two (2019)

January 13, 2022 by Megan Berg.
The authors of this review article propose four hypotheses to link ARHL with cognitive decline and dementia. Their four hypotheses include 1) cognitive load theory, 2) common cause factor responsible for age-related declines for cognition, 3) cascade hypothesis, 4) overdiagnosis or harbinger hypothesis. The authors also try to answer the question “do hearing aids (or […]
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Impact of Expiratory Strength Training in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (2016)

January 13, 2022 by Megan Berg.
The authors had 25 participants who were diagnosed with probable or definite ALS, according to the Revised El-Escorial criteria. All of the participants demonstrated reduced maximum expiratory pressure (MEP) when compared to normative data for his/her gender and age. The forced vital capacity was also greater than 60% for all the participants. The authors used […]
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Long-Term Effects of Brief Hypoxia Due to Cardiac Arrest: Hippocampal Reduction and Memory Deficits (2018)

January 13, 2022 by Megan Berg.
This study included nine patients who had a myocardial infarction complicated by a brief cardiac arrest (MI with CA), outside of the hospital, that required <7 minutes for initiation of CPR. The control group consisted of nine patients who had a myocardial infarction without a cardiac arrest. The patients participated in this study 5 months […]
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The Posterior Cerebellum is Involved in Constructing Social Action Sequences: An fMRI Study (2019)

January 13, 2022 by Megan Berg.
Previous research with healthy adults— using fMRI technology—has demonstrated strong activation between the cerebellum and cerebral cortex during the understanding of social events and behaviors. This study wanted to expand upon Van Overwalle et al (2019) research that used picture sequencing (using cartoon drawings) with “false belief ” tasks. These tasks require a person to […]
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Water Supplementation After Dehydration Improves Judgment and Decision-Making Performance (2019)

January 13, 2022 by Megan Berg.
The authors had 4 hypotheses for this study: (Hypothesis 1) water consumption would improve sustained attention and executive function test results; (Hypothesis 2) water consumption should also be extended to improve judgment and decision-making tasks; (Hypothesis 3) attention and executive function accuracy will correlate with judgment and decision- making tasks; (Hypothesis 4) The judgement and […]
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